Define oral ecology.

Oral ecology refers to the complex and dynamic balance of microorganisms present in the oral cavity that contributes to overall oral health. This concept encompasses the interactions between various bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, as well as their environment within the mouth. A healthy oral ecology is characterized by a diverse microbial community that helps prevent pathogenic organisms from taking over, thereby reducing the risk of dental diseases such as caries and periodontal disease.

Maintaining this balance is crucial because disruptions to the oral ecology—often caused by factors like poor oral hygiene, antibiotic use, or an imbalanced diet—can lead to dysbiosis, a state where harmful bacteria can proliferate and lead to various oral health issues. Understanding oral ecology is essential for dental professionals as it provides insights into preventative care strategies that can promote better oral health and mitigate disease risks.