What is the key difference between Gingivitis and Periodontitis?

The key difference between gingivitis and periodontitis lies in the nature of the inflammatory response associated with each condition. Gingivitis is characterized by non-destructive inflammation of the gingival tissues. In this condition, the inflammation is confined to the gums, which may appear red, swollen, and bleed during brushing or flossing. Importantly, there is no attachment loss or bone loss associated with gingivitis, making it a reversible condition with appropriate dental care and hygiene practices.

In contrast, periodontitis is a more severe condition that significantly affects not just the gums but also the supporting structures of the teeth, including the bone. It involves the loss of attachment to the tooth and resorption of the alveolar bone. This progression from gingivitis to periodontitis highlights the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene to prevent the development of periodontal disease. The classification of gingivitis as non-destructive underscores its potential for complete recovery, while periodontitis poses a greater risk for longer-term oral health issues.