Which of the following describes a healthy periodontium?

A healthy periodontium is characterized by firm, pink gingiva that does not bleed upon probing. This condition indicates that the gingival tissue is in a state of health, showing no signs of inflammation or disease.

Firmness of the gingiva suggests adequate attachment to the underlying bone and absence of edema, while the pink coloration indicates good blood supply without the presence of gingivitis or other periodontal diseases. The lack of bleeding when probing is crucial, as bleeding indicates inflammation and could suggest the presence of periodontal disease. Healthy periodontal tissues should have a healthy architecture without swelling or pockets, reflecting a well-maintained and effective tissue response to the oral environment.

The other descriptions highlight conditions that deviate from health, such as redness and swelling, which suggest inflammation and potential periodontal disease. In contrast, the characteristics described in the correct choice indicate optimal periodontal health.